系统性小血管炎肾损害乃肾脏病临床之疑难危重症。尽管近年来新型免疫抑制剂，尤其是生物制剂的大量涌现很大程度上提高了本病的临床缓解率，但疗效仍不尽如人意，如仍有高复发率、高感染率，以及易导致终末期肾衰竭等问题。因此，很多学者在探索中西医结合治疗方法，以进一步提高临床疗效。笔者根据文献复习并结合自身临床体会，主张将中医络病理论应用于本病的辨证治疗。本病的病位在血络，基本病理特征是络脉阻滞，病机特点是本虚邪实，瘀血贯穿病程全过程；治疗过程中宜分期论治，需把握"通"与"补"的辨证关系。

Renal involvement of systemic small-vessel vasculitis is clinically a critical illness. Although many novel immunosuppressants, such as biological agents, have improved the clinical remission rate of the disease, the efficacy is still not satisfactory due to high recurrence rate, high infection rate, and high rate of progressing to end-stage renal failure. So many scholars explore the treatment with integrative traditional Chinese and western medicine in order to improve its clinical efficacy. By means of the literature review and their own clinical experience, the authors advocated the application of collateral disease theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into the syndrome-differentiation treatment of this disease. The disease position is at the blood collaterals, and its basic pathological feature is block of collaterals. The pathogenesis is characterized by the deficiency in origin and excess in evil, and blood stasis is through the whole course of disease. The treatment should be carried out according to the different stages of disease, grasping the dialectical relationship between the unblocking therapy and reinforcing therapy.