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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (01) : 39 -45. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2024.01.006

论著

无高血压和糖尿病的特发性膜性肾病患者肾内动脉病变特点及其预后影响分析
王琳娜1, 郭存霞2, 乔东鸽3, 赵旭2, 阎磊4, 邵凤民4,(), 陈香美5   
  1. 1. 450000 郑州大学人民医院河南省人民医院肾内科;450000 郑州,河南省中医院肾病科
    2. 450000 郑州,河南省中医院肾病科
    3. 450000 郑州,河南中医药大学第一附属医院
    4. 450000 郑州大学人民医院河南省人民医院肾内科
    5. 100853 北京,解放军总医院第一医学中心肾脏病医学部、解放军肾脏病研究所、肾脏疾病国家重点实验室、国家慢性肾病临床医学研究中心、肾脏疾病研究北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-31 出版日期:2024-02-28
  • 通信作者: 邵凤民
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2015M582858); 河南省基础与前沿研究计划(162300410243); 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(20-21ZY2050)

Analysis of characteristics of intrarenal arterial lesions and their effect on prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients without hypertension and diabetes

Linna Wang1, Cunxia Guo2, Dongge Qiao3, Xu Zhao2, Lei Yan4, Fengmin Shao4,(), Xiangmei Chen5   

  1. 1. Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People′s Hospital, People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province; Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province
    2. Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province
    3. First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province
    4. Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People′s Hospital, People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province
    5. Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing 100853; China
  • Received:2022-05-31 Published:2024-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Fengmin Shao
引用本文:

王琳娜, 郭存霞, 乔东鸽, 赵旭, 阎磊, 邵凤民, 陈香美. 无高血压和糖尿病的特发性膜性肾病患者肾内动脉病变特点及其预后影响分析[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2024, 13(01): 39-45.

Linna Wang, Cunxia Guo, Dongge Qiao, Xu Zhao, Lei Yan, Fengmin Shao, Xiangmei Chen. Analysis of characteristics of intrarenal arterial lesions and their effect on prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients without hypertension and diabetes[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(01): 39-45.

目的

对不伴高血压和糖尿病的特发性膜性肾病(IMN)患者,分析其肾内动脉病变(AL)的病理特征及其预后影响。

方法

回顾性分析2011年1月1日至2018年4月30日就诊于解放军总医院肾脏病科、经肾活检确诊为IMN、并且排除了高血压和糖尿病的患者资料,包括基本信息、实验室检查、肾脏病理和治疗方案等,并进行肾脏病理评分。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线法分析AL病变对患者预后的影响。应用Logistic回归和Cox回归模型分析IMN患者预后的危险因素。

结果

共纳入1 293例IMN患者,有AL病变的660例为AL(+)组,无AL病变的633例为AL(-)组。与AL(-)组比较,AL(+)组患者的年龄、收缩压、舒张压、血清肌酐水平均较高(P均<0.05),肾小球全球硬化、间质病变明显增多(P均<0.001)。中位随访时间8.0(4.0,18.0)个月,共有404例患者完成了随访,其中AL(+)组172例、AL(-)组232例。肾穿后第9个月、12个月及24个月时,AL(-)组患者的药物治疗完全缓解率均高于AL(+)组(P均<0.05)。126例患者有不同程度的药物治疗不良事件,其中AL(-)组明显少于AL(+)组(P=0.004)。15例患者的估算肾小球滤过率下降>25%,其中AL(-)组明显少于AL(+)组(P=0.003)。3例患者进展为终末期肾脏病,均在AL(+)组(χ2=4.067、P=0.044)。多因素Cox回归模型分析表明,基线血清肌酐水平高(HR=1.032,95%CI:0.009~1.056,P=0.006)和AL病变(HR=8.786,95%CI:1.167~66.144,P=0.035)是发生肾功能恶化的独立危险因素。

结论

具有肾内动脉病变的IMN患者,临床和病理表现较重、不良事件较多、肾脏预后较差。肾内动脉病变是IMN患者预后的独立危险因素。

Objective

To analyze the characteristics of intrarenal arterial lesions (AL) and their effect on prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients without hypertension and diabetes.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients, who had renal-biopsy-diagnosed IMN without hypertension and diabetes, in the Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1, 2011 to April 30, 2018, including basic information, laboratory examination, renal pathology, and treatment plan, while renal pathology scoring was also conducted. Kaplan-Meier survival curve method was used to analyze the impact of AL on prognosis of the IMN patients. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were applied to analyze the risk factors for prognosis of the IMN patients.

Results

A total of 1293 IMN patients were included, among whom 660 patients with AL were taken as the AL (+ ) group, while 633 patients without AL lesions as the AL (-) group. Compared with the AL (-) group, the AL (+ ) group had higher levels in age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and serum creatinine (all P<0.05), with significant increases in global glomerulosclerosis and interstitial lesions (both P<0.001). A total of 404 patients completed a median follow-up of 8.0 (4.0-18.0) months, including 172 cases in the AL (+ ) group and 232 cases in the AL (-) group. At 9, 12, and 24 months after renal biopsy, the complete response rate of drugs treatment in the AL (-) group was higher than that of the AL (+ ) group (P<0.05). Adverse events of drugs treatment occurred in 126 patients, which were significantly fewer in the AL (-) group than in the AL (+ ) group (P=0.004). The eGFR decreased by more than 25% in 15 patients, among whom there were fewer patients from the AL (-) group than from the AL(+ ) group (P=0.003). Three patients progressed to ESRD, with all of whom in the AL (+ ) group (χ2=4.067, P=0.044). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the high baseline serum creatinine level (HR= 1.032, 95%CI: 0.009-1.056, P=0.006) and AL (HR=8.786, 95%CI: 1.167-66.144, P=0.035) were independent risk factors for renal function deterioration.

Conclusion

IMN patients with intrarenal AL had more severe clinical and pathological manifestations, more adverse events, and poorer renal prognosis. Intrarenal AL was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of the IMN patients.

表1 两组特发性膜性肾病患者的临床特征资料比较
临床特征 AL(+)组(n=660) AL(-)组(n=633) t/χ2 P
性别(男/女) 385 (58.3) 386 (60.9) 0.873 0.350
年龄(岁) 48.85±10.97 26.86±8.35 98.399 <0.001
病程(月) 3(1~6) 3(1~8) 2.566 0.101
NS[例(%)] 392 (59.4) 404 (63.7) 2.559 0.111
收缩压(mmHg) 129.66±10.12 116.20±11.12 2.687 0.007
舒张压(mmHg) 82.08±8.77 75.85±10.38 2.635 0.009
PLA2R抗体(RU/ml) 67.08(24.49~57.14) 41.65(20.67~124.63) -1.111 0.909
PLA2R阳性率[例(%)] 92(64.3) 89(58.6) 0.214 0.644
血浆白蛋白(g/L) 26.58±5.52 25.89±7.08 1.252 0.211
24 h尿蛋白(g/L) 4.46±2.08 4.64±2.94 -0.419 0.675
血红蛋白(g/L) 133.75±15.73 135.61±19.32 -0.811 0.417
血尿素氮(mmol/L) 5.29±1.60 4.51±4.22 -0.228 0.819
血肌酐(μmol/L) 75.97±19.20 69.33±25.35 2.872 0.004
e GFR[ml/ (min·1.73 m2)] 96.00(73.44~112.00) 100.60(82.68~120.46) -1.520 0.132
尿酸(μmol/L) 337.05±74.37 339.95±101.12 1.033 0.302
胱抑素C (μmol/L) 1.06±0.29 0.92±0.31 1.066 0.288
空腹血糖(mmol/L) 5.09±0.79 4.72±1.03 2.052 0.043
总胆固醇(mmol/L) 6.85±1.68 7.27±2.34 -1.411 0.159
三酰甘油(mmol/L) 2.53±1.11 2.45±1.73 -0.622 0.534
高密度脂蛋白(mmol/l) 1.41±0.45 1.50±0.87 -1.081 0.280
纤维蛋白原(g/L) 4.83±1.14 4.58±1.66 2.315 0.021
D二聚体(μg/ml) 1.33±1.20 1.36±2.30 -0.082 0.935
免疫球蛋白(g/L)        
IgA 212.45±67.68 185.07±86.37 2.810 0.005
IgG 635.02±227.53 518.82±289.22 3.734 <0.001
IgM 110.35±48.67 132.22±82.18 -2.954 0.003
C3 114.84±17.85 116.22±83.83 0.230 0.818
C4 27.88±6.97 26.17±10.04 1.566 0.118
表2 两组特发性膜性肾病患者的病理分期及免疫荧光观测比较[例(%)]
表3 两组患者糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂治疗情况
图1 两组患者24月总缓解率的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线
图2 两组患者24月完全缓解率的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线
表4 两组患者不同时间点总缓解率和完全缓解率比较[例(%)]
表5 两组患者不良反应事件发生及肾脏不良结局情况[例(%)]
表6 进展为肾小球滤过率下降或ESRD风险的影响因素的单因素及多因素分析
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