药物是一把双刃剑，既可治疗疾病也可导致肾脏等器官损伤。有效循环血量不足、原有肾脏损害、老年人、联合使用肾毒性药物是药物性肾损伤的易感因素。药物性肾损伤早期可无明显症状、体征，或仅表现为尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白、肾损伤分子-1、白介素-18等生物标志物的异常。在用药过程中定期检测上述指标，有助于早期发现药物性肾损伤。熟悉药物的特性和不良反应以及患者的身体状态、严格掌握药物适应证、坚持合理用药，可预防或减少药物性肾损伤。

Drugs are a double-edged sword, which can both treat the disease and cause damage to kidney and other organs. The predisposing factors of drug-induced renal injury include lack of effective volume of circulating blood, the original kidney damage, the elderly, and the joint use of nephrotoxic drugs. Early drug-induced renal injury may not show obvious symptoms, signs, or only show abnormal levels of biomarkers such as urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and interleukin-18 (IL-18 ), etc. During the course of medication, regular test of these indicators will help early detection of drug-induced renal injury. To prevent or reduce drug-induced renal injury, we should be familiar with the drug features, adverse drug reactions as well as the patients' physical condition, strictly control the medication indications, and adhere to rational use of drugs.