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中华肾病研究电子杂志

中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 05 ›› Issue (01) : 1 -4. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2016.01.001

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慢性肾脏病急性加重的诊治与预防
谢院生1,†(), 陈香美1   
  1. 1. 100853　北京，解放军总医院肾脏病科、解放军肾脏病研究所、肾脏疾病国家重点实验室、国家慢性肾病临床医学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-20 出版日期:2016-02-28
  • 通信作者: 谢院生
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81473531); 北京市自然科学基金项目(7152138)

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease

Yuansheng Xie1,†(), Xiangmei Chen1   

  1. 1. Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:2015-11-20 Published:2016-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Yuansheng Xie
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Xie Yuansheng, Email:
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谢院生, 陈香美. 慢性肾脏病急性加重的诊治与预防[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2016, 05(01): 1-4.

Yuansheng Xie, Xiangmei Chen. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2016, 05(01): 1-4.

慢性肾脏病(CKD)是对健康产生影响的肾脏结构或功能异常>3个月的总称。多数CKD缓慢进展，但在有效血容量不足、感染、使用肾毒性药物等危险因素影响下可急性加重。详细的病史、清楚的病程、规律的随访和肾脏的大小有利于鉴别诊断。积极治疗原发病、避免和纠正CKD进展的危险因素，预防和及时发现并积极清除CKD急性加重的危险因素，有助于肾功能保持稳定。

关键词: 慢性肾脏病, 急性肾损伤, 危险因素, 预防, 治疗

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as abnormatities of kidney structure or function, present for >3 months, with implications for health. The CKD progression is slow in most cases, but can have an acute exacerbation in the presence of risk factors such as insufficient effective blood volume, infection, and use of nephrotoxic drugs. Detailed medical history, clear disease course, regular follow- up, and size of the kidneys are helpful for the differential diagnosis. Actively treating primary diseases, avoiding and correcting risk factors for CKD progression, and preventing, timely finding, and actively eliminating the risk factors for acute exacerbation of CKD, will contribute to maintenance of stable renal functions.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Acute kidney injury, Risk factors, Prevention, Treatment
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