随着全球人口老龄化加剧，老年慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率逐年上升。由于老年人生理、心理、经济及社会地位变化，导致老年CKD具有其特殊性。老年CKD患者易合并糖尿病、高血压、心脑血管疾病等基础疾病，需药物治疗和手术治疗的可能性大，从而增加了肾脏损伤的机会；老年CKD患者易伴有生理功能及认知功能下降、抑郁、营养不良、骨质疏松及虚弱等情况，需进行综合评估；老年CKD患者发生并发症及死亡的风险高。需要对老年CKD患者进行个体化评估，根据死亡风险或进展风险的高低来决定是以保护肾脏的支持治疗为主还是支持治疗的同时积极准备肾脏替代治疗。应开展以老年CKD患者为对象的高质量临床研究，以为其提供更多诊治的循证依据。

As the global population ages, the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the elderly has increased year by year. Due to changes in the physical, psychological, economic, and social status of the elderly, CKD in the elderly has its own particularity. Elderly patients with CKD are prone to diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and other basic diseases, and the possibility of drug treatment and surgical treatment is high, which increases the chance of kidney damage. Elderly patients with CKD are also prone to decline of physical and cognitive function, depression, malnutrition, osteoporosis, and weakness, which need comprehensive evaluation. Elderly patients with CKD have a high risk of complications and death. Thus it is necessary to evaluate the patients′ conditions individually to predict the risk of death or progression to ESRD, so as to decide whether to mainly provide supportive treatment for protecting the kidney, or to provide supportive treatment together with preparing the renal replacement therapy. High-quality clinical studies in elderly CKD patients should be conducted to provide more evidence-based data for the diagnosis and treatment.