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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (06) : 253 -257. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2019.06.005

所属专题: 经典病例 文献

论著

315例终末期肾病血液透析患者生活质量的调查分析
张茵英1, 吴茵2, 赵鑫1,()   
  1. 1. 215006 苏州大学附属第一医院 护理部
    2. 苏州大学附属第一医院 老年科
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-09 出版日期:2019-12-28
  • 通信作者: 赵鑫

Investigation and analysis of life quality of 315 hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease

Yinying Zhang1, Yin Wu2, Xin Zhao1,()   

  1. 1. Nursing Department; The First Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
    2. Department of Geriatrics; The First Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2018-11-09 Published:2019-12-28
  • Corresponding author: Xin Zhao
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Zhao Xin, Email:
引用本文:

张茵英, 吴茵, 赵鑫. 315例终末期肾病血液透析患者生活质量的调查分析[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2019, 08(06): 253-257.

Yinying Zhang, Yin Wu, Xin Zhao. Investigation and analysis of life quality of 315 hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2019, 08(06): 253-257.

目的

对315例血液透析患者的生活质量进行调查研究,确定相关影响因素,为采取措施提高患者的生活质量提供参考。

方法

采用血液透析患者生活质量调查表对苏州市区3家三级甲等医院315例终末期肾病维持性血液透析患者进行调查。

结果

多因素分析发现年龄大者生理健康得分(PCS)和总体健康得分(SF-6D)低(P<0.05),已婚或同居者的PCS、SF-6D、肾脏疾病总分(KDCS)比未婚或独居者高(P<0.05),随患者学历的增加,心理健康得分(MCS)、SF-6D和KDCS提高(P<0.05),有合并症者的MCS、KDCS较低(P<0.05),有并发症者的PCS亦较低(P<0.05)。PCS和SF-6D随透析龄的增加而降低(P<0.05),每周透析≤2次者SF-6D较低(P<0.05)。

结论

影响苏州市血液透析患者生活质量的相关因素为年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、合并症、并发症和透析龄,应采取措施对高危人群进行干预。

Objective

To investigate the life quality of 315 hemodialysis patients and determine the relevant influencing factors so as to provide a reference for taking measures to improve the life quality of patients.

Methods

The questionnaire (KDQOL-36) for life quality of hemodialysis patients was used to investigate 315 maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease in three hospitals in Suzhou City.

Results

Multivariate analysis showed that the physical component summary (PCS) score and the short form 6-dimention(SF-6D)score were lower in older adults (P<0.05). PCS, SF-6D, and the kidney disease component summary (KDCS) scores were higher (P<0.05) in married or cohabiting patients than in unmarried or solitary patients. With the increase of education of the patients, the mental component summary (MCS), SF-6D and KDCS scores were higher (P<0.05). The MCS and KDCS scores were lower (P<0.05) in patients with comorbidities, while in patients with complications the PCS score was also lower (P<0.05). With the increase of dialysis age, the PCS and SF-6D scores decreased (P<0.05). The score of SF-6D was also lower in patients who received dialysis no more than two times a week (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The relevant factors affecting the quality of life of hemodialysis patients in Suzhou included age, marital status, educational level, comorbidities, complications, dialysis frequency, and dialysis age. Measures should be taken to intervene in the patients at the high risk.

表1 维持性血液透析患者的一般情况(n=315)
表2 不同特征维持性血液透析患者KDQOL-36评分比较(n=315)
项目 例数 PCS MCS SF-6D KDCS
年龄 ? ? ? ? ?
? <45岁 60 44.79±12.46 49.40±11.83 0.753±0.158 63.54±17.25
? 45~60岁 124 40.48±10.98 47.20±10.15 0.705±0.216 59.83±13.17
? >60岁 131 38.47±13.15 47.87±11.47 0.702±0.133 60.84±14.62
F ? 5.518 0.803 1.965 1.309
P ? <0.001 0.318 0.033 0.168
性别 ? ? ? ? ?
? 173 41.41±9.85 47.42±12.79 0.717±0.184 61.50±12.91
? 142 39.31±7.05 48.47±10.64 0.708±0.107 60.29±10.58
t ? 4.543 0.610 0.266 0.804
P ? 0.026 0.318 0.458 0.394
婚姻状况 ? ? ? ? ?
? 已婚和(或)同居 268 40.96±11.31 48.38±10.26 0.723±0.185 62.05±12.68
? 未婚和(或)独居 47 37.20±9.26 45.26±7.87 0.653±0.217 54.63±10.92
t ? 4.645 3.936 5.425 14.233
P ? 0.021 0.018 <0.001 <0.001
文化程度 ? ? ? ? ?
? 小学及以下 87 37.16±9.07 45.53±7.79 0.676±0.103 56.97±11.95
? 初中 93 40.83±10.52 47.44±11.16 0.710±0.128 61.13±12.84
? 高中 82 42.24±11.04 49.95±10.03 0.735±0.131 62.99±11.67
? 大学及以上 53 41.65±10.22 48.39±8.02 0.731±0.105 63.19±14.21
F ? 4.104 3.15 4.141 4.196
P ? 0.003 0.021 0.006 0.017
合并症 ? ? ? ? ?
? 254 40.54±10.52 47.32±9.26 0.712±0.216 59.96±17.69
? 61 40.13±11.85 50.30±11.62 0.716±0.240 65.10±12.43
t ? 0.071 4.589 0.016 4.599
P ? 0.755 0.017 0.821 0.003
并发症 ? ? ? ? ?
? 185 39.25±13.03 48.26±11.35 0.707±0.159 61.57±12.58
? 130 42.19±9.67 47.38±10.98 0.721±0.163 60.08±10.43
t ? 4.77 0.471 0.58 1.229
P ? 0.002 0.408 0.284 0.302
透析时间 ? ? ? ? ?
? ≤4.5年 156 41.98±10.86 48.38±8.65 0.732±0.096 61.95±11.26
? >4.5年 159 38.97±9.46 47.42±10.23 0.694±0.167 59.98±10.85
t ? 6.888 0.807 6.099 2.501
P ? 0.006 0.357 0.005 0.164
透析频率 ? ? ? ? ?
? 每周≤2次 33 42.69±9.02 49.89±10.42 0.747±0.143 60.32±13.42
? 每周3次 282 40.27±10.31 47.77±10.03 0.710±0.184 61.18±12.59
t ? 1.668 1.309 1.245 0.136
P ? 0.155 0.214 0.066 0.711
血清白蛋白 ? ? ? ? ?
? <37 g/L 92 37.75±12.64 46.82±12.37 0.691±0.186 59.12±11.23
? ≥37 g/L 223 41.25±13.11 48.48±11.83 0.721±0.172 61.80±12.04
t ? 4.739 1.249 1.888 3.354
P ? 0.003 0.296 0.103 0.241
血红蛋白 ? ? ? ? ?
? <110 g/L 176 40.20±10.24 46.55±13.19 0.705±0.147 59.32±11.53
? ≥110 g/L 139 40.88±11.36 49.61±12.43 0.725±0.163 63.14±13.48
t ? 0.311 4.397 1.305 7.338
P ? 0.474 0.019 0.079 0.035
表3 KDQOL-36评分的多因素回归分析(n=315)
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