Hepatitis B virus-associated glomerular nephritis (HBV-GN) has been studied for over 40 years, but its detailed pathogenesis has not been identified yet, and may be related to HBV-mediated immune reaction. The diagnostic criteria of HBV-GN are comprised of three items; (1) serum HBV antigens are positive, (2)glomerular nephritis is confirmed; (3) HBV antigens are detected in renal tissues; items (2) and (3) are necessary conditions. When HBV-GN is being diagnosed, the following items must be considered: ruling out false positive HBV markers; ruling out primary glomerulonephritis accompanied with HBV deposition in renal tissues; and distinguishing HBV-GN from lupus nephritis. HBV-GN renal pathology is commonly comprised of membranous nephropathy and membranoproliferative nephritis. Nephrotic syndrome and mild hematuria are the main clinical manifestations of HBV-GN. Child HBV-GN is usually self-limited, while adult HBV-GN often slowly progresses into chronic renal failure. There have been a lot of reports about HBV-GN treatment, most of which were retrospective studies without control, and there has not been a unified treatment principle to follow. Antiviral treatment has certain effect for HBV-GN, while there remains controversy about using corticosteroids hormone and immunosuppressive agents. Probably the most viable treatment regimen consists of antiviral drugs (interferon and/or nucleosides), immunosuppressive agents (corticosteroids hormone and/or other immunosuppressive agents), and traditional Chinese medicine (syndrome differentiation treatment).