To investigate the predictive effect of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) combined with BIA on the risk of volume overload and cardiac function damage in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.

50 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as the subjects, which was a cross-sectional study, and all the patients were treated with MHD. The baseline data of the patients were recorded before the implementation of MHD, and the patients' volume overload and cardiac function damage were assessed before the MHD treatment. The predictive value of intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), and NT-proBNP in the patients with MHD were analyzed.

Among the 50 MHD patients, 19 had volume overload and 31 had normal volume, while 7 had impaired cardiac function and 43 had normal cardiac function. Compared with the patients with normal volume, the patients with volume overload showed higher levels of NT-proBNP and ECW, and lower level of ICW (P<0.05). Compared with the patients with normal cardiac function, the patients with impaired cardiac function showed higher level of NT-proBNP and lower level of ICW (P<0.05). Logistics regression analysis showed that increase of ICW was a protective factor for volume overload in MHD patients (OR<1, P<0.05), while increased levels of ECW and NT-proBNP were risk factors (OR<1, P<0.05). The increase of ICW was a protective factor for cardiac function damage in MHD patients (OR<1, P<0.05), while increased level of NT-proBNP was a risk factor for it (OR<1, P<0.05). Analysis of the receiver operating curve (ROC) found that the levels of the area under the curve (AUC) of NT-proBNP, ICW, and ECW in MHD patients before treatment for predicting the risk of volume overload and cardiac damage were all >0.70, indicating that they all had moderate predictive effect.

The method of NT-proBNP combined with BIA had a certain predictive effect on the risk of volume overload and cardiac function damage in patients with MHD.