Research progress on target antigens of membranous nephropathy

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2023.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Membrane nephropathy (MN) is a specific autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies. Its pathogenesis is mainly the activation of complements by the binding of autoantibodies to target antigens, leading to damage to the glomerular filtration barrier and proteinuria. In recent years, multiple target antigens of MN have been discovered, including M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A), exostosin 1/2 complex (EXT1/2), neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein (NELL-1), high temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1), semaphorin 3B (Sema3B), neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), procalcadherin 7 (PCDH7), transforming growth factor β receptor 3 (TGFBR3), and contactin 1 (CNTN1), etc. Research on these target antigens is of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of MN. This article reviewed the research progress on target antigens in MN so as to provide reference for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Membranous nephropathy, Antibody, Target antigen

Yemei Dai, Xiaole Su, Lihua Wang. Research progress on target antigens of membranous nephropathy[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2023, 12(05): 282-286.

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References 46

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靶抗原	类别	阳性率(%)	足细胞表达	循环抗体	平均年龄(岁)	男/女	临床意义	IgG亚类	沉积特点
PLA2R^[12]	跨膜蛋白	52~86	是	有	54.4±15.2	3.2/1	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
THSD7A^[3]	跨膜蛋白	4.9~14	是	有	44.5±17.5	1/1.6	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
EXT1/2^[4]	分泌蛋白	11.6	否	无	35.7±13.4	1/4.2	自身免疫病	IgG1	全球沉积
NELL-1^[30]	分泌蛋白	3.8^a	否	有	66.8	1.1/1	多为原发性MN、肿瘤	IgG1	节段沉积
HTRA1^[6]	分泌蛋白	1.43^b	是	有	67.3±8.6	1.3/1	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
Sema3B^[7]	分泌蛋白	5.9	是	有	6.9±6.8(儿童多见)	1.8/1	原发性MN	IgG1	全球沉积
NCAM1^[8]	跨膜蛋白	6.6^c	是	有	34±12.1	1/2.3	膜型狼疮	IgG4	全球沉积
PCDH7^[9]	跨膜蛋白	5.7^d	否	有	61.2±10.4	2.3/1	原发性MN	IgG1/IgG4	全球沉积
TGFBR3^[10]	跨膜蛋白	5.5^e	是	无	39.6±16.1	1/16	膜型狼疮	－	全球沉积
CNTN1^[11]	分泌蛋白	0.3	否	有	67	10/1	慢性炎症性脱髓鞘神经病、自身免疫肌炎	IgG4	全球沉积

靶抗原	类别	阳性率(%)	足细胞表达	循环抗体	平均年龄(岁)	男/女	临床意义	IgG亚类	沉积特点
PLA2R^[12]	跨膜蛋白	52~86	是	有	54.4±15.2	3.2/1	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
THSD7A^[3]	跨膜蛋白	4.9~14	是	有	44.5±17.5	1/1.6	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
EXT1/2^[4]	分泌蛋白	11.6	否	无	35.7±13.4	1/4.2	自身免疫病	IgG1	全球沉积
NELL-1^[30]	分泌蛋白	3.8^a	否	有	66.8	1.1/1	多为原发性MN、肿瘤	IgG1	节段沉积
HTRA1^[6]	分泌蛋白	1.43^b	是	有	67.3±8.6	1.3/1	多为原发性MN	IgG4	全球沉积
Sema3B^[7]	分泌蛋白	5.9	是	有	6.9±6.8(儿童多见)	1.8/1	原发性MN	IgG1	全球沉积
NCAM1^[8]	跨膜蛋白	6.6^c	是	有	34±12.1	1/2.3	膜型狼疮	IgG4	全球沉积
PCDH7^[9]	跨膜蛋白	5.7^d	否	有	61.2±10.4	2.3/1	原发性MN	IgG1/IgG4	全球沉积
TGFBR3^[10]	跨膜蛋白	5.5^e	是	无	39.6±16.1	1/16	膜型狼疮	－	全球沉积
CNTN1^[11]	分泌蛋白	0.3	否	有	67	10/1	慢性炎症性脱髓鞘神经病、自身免疫肌炎	IgG4	全球沉积

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