Abstract:

Calcium and active vitamin D are useful in the management of osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD)-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). However, it is important to realize the difference between their uses in general population and in CKD patients. In addition to supplementing calcium, calcium agent, as phosphate binder, is also widely used. Due to their high calcium content and high solubility in gastric acidic environment with lower prices, calcium carbonate and calcium acetate have become the first choice as phosphate binders. The main disadvantage of calcium tablet is that it can increase the body's calcium load, and increase the risk of vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease. Similarly,while the general population take vitamin D supplements, patients with CKD at moderate to severe stage must take active vitamin D. Active vitamin D can not only complement the vitamin D deficiency, but also effectively suppress secondary hyperparathyroidism, regulate immunity, reduce proteinuria, improve insulin resistance, and reduce cardiovascular events, and may have a role to delay the progression of renal failure.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Calcium, Active vitamin D, Rational use