分析广西老年肾活检患者常见的临床和病理类型。

本研究纳入了2012年8月至2015年8月在广西医科大学第一附属医院进行肾活检的373例老年患者(年龄≥60岁)，收集患者的性别、年龄、民族、临床诊断、肾脏病理诊断等资料，应用SPSS13.0软件回顾性分析了老年肾活检患者的疾病谱分布特点，采用频数和百分比对分类变量进行统计描述。

老年肾活检患者最常见的临床综合征是肾病综合征(NS，50.1%)，其次是急性肾损伤(AKI，28.7%)和慢性肾炎综合征(15.5%)。在老年肾活检患者中，原发性肾小球疾病占67.8%，继发性肾小球疾病占26.8%。在原发性肾小球疾病中，最常见的病理类型是特发性膜性肾病(IMN，71.9%)，其次是微小病变(MCD，9.9%)和局灶节段肾小球硬化症(FSGS，7.9%)。在继发性肾小球疾病中，最常见的是抗中性粒细胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎(AAV，31.0%),其次是狼疮肾炎(20.0%)和糖尿病肾病(12%)。老年人NS最常见的病理类型是IMN(75.4%)，其次是MCD和FSGS，各占5.3%。老年AKI患者肾活检最常见的病理类型是IMN(26.2%)，其次为AAV(24.3%) 。

NS是广西老年肾活检患者最常见的临床综合征，IMN是老年人NS和原发性肾小球疾病最常见的病理类型；AAV是继发性肾小球疾病最常见的原因。IMN和AAV分别为老年AKI患者肾活检常见的原发性与继发性病理类型，即该人群发生AKI的主要原因为IMN及AAV。

To analyze the common clinical and pathological types of elderly patients after renal biopsy in Guangxi.

By means of enrolling 373 elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) who had undergone renal biopsy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from August 2012 to August 2015, and collecting the data of gender, age, nationality, clinical diagnosis, kidney pathological diagnosis, etc, the renal disease spectrum of elderly patients were retrospectively analyzed with the SPSS13.0 software. And statistical descriptions were made for the categorical variables with frequency and percentage.

The most common clinical syndrome in elderly patients after renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (NS, 50.1%), followed by acute kidney injury (AKI, 28.7%) and chronic nephritis syndrome (15.5%). In the elderly patients after renal biopsy, primary glomerular diseases accounted for 67.8%, and secondary glomerular diseases accounted for 26.8%. In primary glomerular diseases, idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN, 71.9%) was the leading renal histopathological type, followed by minimal change disease (MCD, 9.9%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, 7.9%). In the secondary glomerular diseases, the most common type was ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV, 31.0%), followed by lupus nephritis (20.0%) and diabetic nephropathy (12%). In the NS of elderly patients, the most common cause was IMN (75.4%), followed by MCD (5.3%) and FSGS (5.3%). In the AKI of elderly patients after renal biopsy, the most common pathological type was IMN (26.2%), followed by AAV (24.3%).

NS was the most common clinical syndrome of elderly patients after renal biopsy in Guangxi. IMN was the most common pathological type in the elderly NS and primary glomerular diseases; AAV was the most common cause of secondary glomerular diseases; and IMN and AAV were the main causes of AKI.