随着慢性肾脏病(CKD)进展，各类并发症逐渐加剧，临床证候更趋复杂，应结合各期的临床诊治要点，针对性地合理用药。对CKD的分期应结合临床实际正确解读，及时发现和纠正可逆因素。CKD Ⅰ～Ⅱ期应改善蛋白尿和活动性血尿，防止肾功能下降；CKD 2～3a期强调攻补兼施，遏制进展，控制可逆因素；CKD 3b～4期着重扶正泄浊，标本并治，延缓进入透析治疗的时间；CKD 5期非透析治疗主张内外兼施，扶危救困，为肾脏替代治疗争取时间。

With chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, a variety of complications aggravate gradually, and the clinical symptoms tend to be more complicated, accordingly. The administration and medicine selection should focus on the key points of clinical characteristics and different CKD stages. First, the different stages of CKD must be interpreted correctly in combination of clinical actual situations, with timely finding and correction of reversible factors. Second, improving the proteinuria and active hematuria, and preventing kidney function decline must be the main target for CKD stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ. Third, inhibiting progression by combining tonification and purgation methods, and controlling the reversible factors, should be the key points for CKD stages Ⅱ-Ⅲa. Correspondingly, delaying progressing into dialysis by the methods of strengthening body and drain turbidity, and addressing both symptoms and root causes, is believed to be the focal point for CKD stages Ⅲb-Ⅳ. Last, saving time for renal replacement therapy by both endotherapy and external treatment to rescue patients from dangerous conditions is the responsibility of Chinses medicine for CKD V stage.