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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 68 -73. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2024.02.002

论著

过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿肾功能不全的影响因素分析
刘宇立1,(), 姚瑶1, 徐锦雯1   
  1. 1. 214000 无锡市儿童医院肾脏风湿免疫科
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-31 出版日期:2024-04-28
  • 通信作者: 刘宇立
  • 基金资助:
    无锡市卫健卫科研项目(MS201759)

Analysis of influencing factors of renal insufficiency in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis

Yuli Liu1,(), Yao Yao1, Jinwen Xu1   

  1. 1. Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Wuxi Children′s Hospital, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-01-31 Published:2024-04-28
  • Corresponding author: Yuli Liu
引用本文:

刘宇立, 姚瑶, 徐锦雯. 过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿肾功能不全的影响因素分析[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2024, 13(02): 68-73.

Yuli Liu, Yao Yao, Jinwen Xu. Analysis of influencing factors of renal insufficiency in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(02): 68-73.

目的

分析过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿肾功能不全的影响因素。

方法

回顾性分析在我院治疗的165例过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿的临床资料,收集IgG亚类的血清水平。Cox回归模型分析患儿肾功能不全的影响因素。

结果

肾功能不全发生率为35.15%;发生肾功能不全患儿的IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4水平均低于未发生者(P<0.05)。IgG1(RR=0.435,95%CI:0.249~0.671,P=0.013)、IgG2(RR=0.452,95%CI:0.302~0.668,P=0.010)、IgG3(RR=0.396,95%CI:0.245~0.676,P=0.012)、IgG4(RR=0.471,95%CI:0.220~0.668,P=0.018)是肾功能不全的保护因素。皮疹反复(RR=4.189,95%CI:2.637~5.952,P=0.019)、血小板计数升高(RR=4.157,95%CI:2.881~4.762,P<0.001)、血压升高(RR=5.220,95%CI:2.314~6.888,P=0.001)、血糖升高(RR=5.125,95%CI:3.582~6.720,P<0.001)、贫血(RR=5.231,95%CI:4.037~7.869,P=0.007)、新月体形成(RR=5.172,95%CI:3.562~7.074,P=0.004)、肾小管萎缩(RR=5.519,95%CI:3.289~6.968,P=0.021)、肾间质纤维化(RR=6.460,95%CI:4.560~7.887,P=0.003)、治疗不依从(RR=4.994,95%CI:3.462~6.840,P=0.001)是其危险因素。

结论

IgG亚类水平和皮疹反复、血小板升高、血压升高、血糖升高、贫血、新月体形成、肾小管萎缩、肾间质纤维化、治疗不依从为过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿肾功能不全影响因素。

Objective

To investigate the influencing factors of renal insufficiency in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.

Methods

The clinical data of 165 children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Levels of serum IgG subclasses were collected. Cox regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of renal insufficiency in the children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.

Results

The incidence of renal insufficiency was 35.15%. The levels of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 in the patients with renal insufficiency were lower than those in the patients without renal insufficiency (P<0.05). IgG1 (RR=0.435, 95%CI: 0.249-0.671, P=0.013), IgG2 (RR=0.452, 95%CI: 0.302-0.668, P=0.010), IgG3 (RR=0.396, 95%CI: 0.245-0.676, P=0.012), and IgG4 (RR=0.471, 95%CI: 0.220-0.668, P=0.018) were the protective factors against renal insufficiency (P<0.05). Repeated rash (RR=4.189, 95%CI: 2.637-5.952, P=0.019), elevated platelet count (RR=4.157, 95%CI: 2.881-4.762, P<0.001), elevated blood pressure (RR=5.220, 95%CI: 2.314-6.888, P=0.001), elevated blood glucose (RR=5.125, 95%CI: 3.582-6.720, P<0.001), anemia (RR=5.231, 95%CI: 4.037-7.869, P=0.007), crescent formation (RR=5.172, 95%CI: 3.562-7.074, P=0.004), renal tubular atrophy (RR=5.519, 95%CI: 3.289-6.968, P=0.021), renal interstitial fibrosis (RR=6.460, 95%CI: 4.560-7.887, P=0.003), and non-compliance with treatment (RR=4.994, 95%CI: 3.462-6.840, P=0.001) were risk factors for the renal insufficiency (P<0.05).

Conclusion

IgG subclasses levels, repeated rash, elevated platelets, elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, anemia, crescent formation, tubular atrophy, renal interstitial fibrosis, and non-compliance with treatment were the influencing factors of renal insufficiency in the children patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.

图1 研究对象筛选流程
表1 发生肾功能不全和未发生过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿肾功能指标(±s)
表2 肾功能不全发生与未发生过敏性紫癜性肾炎患儿资料比较
可能影响因素 肾功能不全发生(n=58) 肾功能不全未发生(n=107) χ2/t P OR值(95%CI)
性别          
34(58.62) 65(60.75) 0.071 0.790 0.935(0.876~1.138)
24(41.38) 42(39.25)      
年龄 6.90±1.02 7.28±1.40 1.821 0.070 0.915(0.783~1.320)
发病季节          
春夏 25(43.10) 49(45.79) 0.110 0.740 0.973(0.912~1.054)
秋冬 33(56.90) 58(54.21)      
消化道症状          
35(60.34) 56(52.34) 0.975 0.323 1.102(0.968~1.267)
23(39.66) 51(47.66)      
关节疼痛          
26(44.83) 60(56.07) 1.907 0.167 0.885(0.814~1.160)
32(55.17) 47(43.93)      
皮疹反复a          
43(74.14) 48(44.86) 13.035 <0.001 4.205(3.760~5.241)
15(25.86) 59(55.14)      
血小板          
正常 18(31.03) 54(50.47) 5.775 0.016 4.056(3.438~4.873)
升高 40(68.97) 53(49.53)      
IgG1(g/L) 3.07±0.52 3.86±0.67 7.793 <0.001 0.418(0.253~0.702)
IgG2(g/L) 0.99±0.14 1.12±0.24 3.787 <0.001 0.471(0.305~0.696)
IgG3(g/L) 0.42±0.07 0.56±0.11 8.771 <0.001 0.402(0.316~0.569)
IgG4(g/L) 0.36±0.07 0.43±0.08 5.601 <0.001 0.477(0.432~0.605)
血压升高b          
38(65.52) 27(25.23) 25.565 <0.001 5.206(4.735~5.897)
20(34.48) 80(74.77)      
收缩压(mmHg) 93.58±9.73 88.75±8.06 3.412 0.001 4.896(3.917~5.042)
舒张压(mmHg) 73.05±8.46 62.50±7.22 8.429 <0.001 5.923(4.741~6.228)
血糖升高          
32(55.17) 19(17.76) 20.138 <0.001 5.116(4.721~5.483)
26(44.83) 88(82.24)      
贫血          
24(41.38) 18(16.82) 11.953 0.001 5.289(4.473~5.994)
34(58.62) 89(83.18)      
血小板计数(×109/L) 136.74±20.52 141.85±22.69 1.427 0.155 0.875(0.763~1.054)
肉眼血尿(管型)          
2(3.45) 0(0.00) 1.410 0.235 1.015(0.883~1.245)
56(96.55) 107(100.00)      
24 h尿蛋白定量(mg) 104.50±31.45 102.65±29.04 0.379 0.705 0.894(0.541~1.162)
新月体形成          
50(86.21) 36(33.64) 41.640 <0.001 5.321(5.011~5.796)
8(13.79) 71(66.36)      
肾小管萎缩          
52(89.68) 38(35.51) 44.468 <0.001 5.645(4.869~5.976)
6(10.34) 79(64.49)      
肾间质纤维化          
48(82.76) 26(24.30) 51.968 <0.001 6.543(5.678~6.962)
10(17.24) 81(75.70)      
治疗不依从          
5(8.62) 0(0.00) 13.695 <0.001 4.966(4.405~5.112)
53(91.38) 107(100.00)      
表3 变量赋值
表4 肾功能不全的影响因素Cox回归模型分析
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