中医药是中华民族的宝贵财富，在治疗一些复杂疑难疾病中起了重要的作用，近年来已逐渐在世界范围内被普遍应用于预防和治疗疾病。然而由于中草药成分复杂，临床用药的安全问题屡见不鲜，因此在中药的使用中我们需要十分关注药物的不良反应。大多数药物均经肾脏排泄，药物引起的肾损害也是临床医生关注的热点问题。为确保中药在肾脏病中的合理应用，我们应当注意在中医理论指导下合理用药，并依照患者的体质和基础病个体化用药，同时合理选择药物来源及加工炮制方法，严格掌握用药剂量与疗程。

Chinese medicine is the precious wealth of our country, plays an important role in the treatment of many complicated diseases, and is commonly used worldwide for preventive and therapeutic purposes during recent decades. However, the safety of herbal products has been widely questioned, especially their potential nephrotoxicity. In the use of Chinese medicine, we still need to attach great attention to its adverse reactions. Since most drugs are excreted by the kidney, drug-induced renal damage is always a deeply-concerned issue among clinicians. To ensure rational application of Chinese medicine in kidney diseases, we should make prescriptions under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, provide individualized treatment options in accordance with patients′ constitution and basic diseases, select drug sources and processing technology reasonably, and strictly control the dosage and course of therapy.