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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (05) : 270 -275. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2025.05.005

论著

维持性血液透析患者的希望水平和家庭功能对其焦虑与睡眠质量的多重中介作用
孔少伟1, 夏宇1, 于小彬1, 岳宏发1, 孔琪2, 周荣军3,()   
  1. 1236500 界首市中医院血液透析室
    2230000 合肥,安徽省第二人民医院肿瘤放疗科
    3236500 界首市中医院肾病科
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-16 出版日期:2025-10-28
  • 通信作者: 周荣军
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局监测统计中心深化医改中医药政策研究项目(YGZXKT2024177)

Multiple mediating roles of hope and family functioning in anxiety and sleep quality of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

Shaowei Kong1, Yu Xia1, Xiaobin Yu1, Hongfa Yue1, Qi Kong2, Rongjun Zhou3,()   

  1. 1Hemodialysis Unit, Jieshou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuyang 236500
    2Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Second People′s Hospital, Hefei 230000
    3Department of Nephrology, Jieshou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuyang 236500; Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-16 Published:2025-10-28
  • Corresponding author: Rongjun Zhou
引用本文:

孔少伟, 夏宇, 于小彬, 岳宏发, 孔琪, 周荣军. 维持性血液透析患者的希望水平和家庭功能对其焦虑与睡眠质量的多重中介作用[J/OL]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2025, 14(05): 270-275.

Shaowei Kong, Yu Xia, Xiaobin Yu, Hongfa Yue, Qi Kong, Rongjun Zhou. Multiple mediating roles of hope and family functioning in anxiety and sleep quality of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(05): 270-275.

目的

分析维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者的希望水平和家庭功能对其焦虑与睡眠质量的多重中介作用。

方法

该研究为横断面研究设计,纳入2023年9月至2024年9月在我院进行规律治疗的MHD患者,采用问卷调查评估患者的希望水平、家庭功能、焦虑和睡眠质量,并采用多种统计学方法分析其中介作用。

结果

共纳入MHD患者127例。评估分析显示,患者的焦虑程度越高,其希望水平(r=-0.414,P<0.01)、家庭功能(r=-0.475,P<0.01)和睡眠质量(雅典失眠量表评分评估r=0.477,P<0.01)越差。患者的希望水平与家庭功能呈正相关(r=0.467,P<0.01)。根据雅典失眠量表评分评估,患者的希望水平(r=-0.585, P<0.01)和家庭功能(r=-0.652,P<0.01)越高,其睡眠质量越好。中介效应分析表明,患者的希望水平和家庭功能对其焦虑与睡眠质量具有中介作用,总间接效应值为0.352(95%CI:0.144~0.549),占总效应的71.69%。中介路径包括:焦虑-希望-睡眠质量(效应值0.052)、焦虑-家庭功能-睡眠质量(效应值0.176),以及焦虑-希望-家庭功能-睡眠质量(效应值0.087)。

结论

MHD患者的焦虑程度增高与其睡眠质量降低相关;提高患者的希望水平和家庭功能,可能会间接改善患者的睡眠质量。

Objective

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of hope and family function on anxiety and sleep quality in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

Methods

This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, enrolling MHD patients who underwent regular treatment in our hospital from September 2023 to September 2024. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the patients′ hope, family functioning, anxiety, and sleep quality, and various statistical methods were employed for analysis.

Results

A total of 127 MHD patients were included in the study. The assessment analysis revealed that the higher the anxiety level of the patients, the worse their hope level (r=-0.414, P<0.01), family functioning (r=-0.475, P<0.01), and sleep quality (as assessed by the Athens insomnia scale, r=0.477, P<0.01). The patients′ hope was positively correlated with their family functioning (r=0.467, P<0.01). As assessed by the Athens insomnia scale, the higher the patient′s hope level (r=-0.585, P<0.01) and family functioning (r=-0.652, P<0.01), the better their sleep quality. The mediation effect analysis indicated that the hope level and family functioning of the patients played a mediating role between their anxiety and sleep quality, with a total indirect effect value of 0.352 (95%CI: 0.144-0.549), accounting for 71.69% of the total effect. The mediating paths included: anxiety-hope-sleep quality (effect size 0.052), anxiety-family functioning-sleep quality (effect size 0.176), and anxiety-hope-family functioning-sleep quality (effect size 0.087).

Conclusion

The increased anxiety level in the patients with MHD was correlated with decreased sleep quality, and raising the patients′ hope level and family functioning may indirectly improve their sleep quality.

表1 患者人口社会学特征(127例,±s)
项目 类别 例(%) 焦虑 F/t P 睡眠质量 F/t P 希望 F/t P 家庭功能 F/t P
性别                            
  男性 79(62.205) 4.280±1.980 2.742 0.007 7.490±3.680 2.305 0.022 34.820±7.150 1.817 0.071 6.320±2.880 2.447 0.016
  女性 48(37.795) 4.490±2.120     7.720±3.850     34.360±7.320     6.050±2.950    
年龄(岁) <45 25(19.685) 3.960±1.850 4.921 0.009 7.120±3.540 7.246 0.001 35.760±6.980 3.874 0.023 6.520±2.760 5.433 0.006
  45~60 55(43.307) 4.320±2.050     7.450±3.710     34.450±7.120     6.180±2.890    
  ≥60 47(37.008) 4.580±2.080     7.820±3.820     34.040±7.380     6.070±3.010    
教育状况 高中以下 102(80.315) 4.410±2.060 2.654 0.009 7.640±3.780 3.012 0.003 34.520±7.260 2.378 0.019 6.150±2.930 0.439 0.661
  高中及以上 25(19.685) 4.180±1.890     7.230±3.560     35.140±6.980     6.450±2.790    
婚姻状况 有配偶 115(90.551) 4.320±2.000 1.201 0.232 7.510±3.700 0.852 0.398 34.780±7.180 1.953 0.053 6.280±2.850 2.102 0.038
  无配偶 12(9.449) 4.750±2.280     7.920±4.020     33.250±7.720     5.670±3.120    
MHD治疗时间(月) 3~12 21(16.535) 4.670±2.150 3.267 0.041 7.950±3.980 6.178 0.003 33.900±7.540 4.152 0.018 5.950±3.050 7.320 0.001
  12~36 51(40.157) 4.300±2.000     7.480±3.690     34.560±7.120     6.120±2.870    
  >36 55(43.307) 4.330±2.040     7.530±3.720     34.890±7.230     6.340±2.890    
血管通路类型 自体动静脉瘘 101(79.528) 4.330±2.010 0.782 0.438 7.530±3.710 0.561 0.577 34.720±7.180 1.017 0.310 6.250±2.880 0.266 0.791
  中心静脉导管 26(20.472) 4.520±2.120     7.760±3.890     34.160±7.540     6.080±3.020    
糖尿病 40(31.496) 4.620±2.110 2.026 0.045 7.910±3.900 1.987 0.048 33.950±7.420 1.976 0.050 5.950±3.000 1.989 0.048
  87(68.504) 4.240±1.980     7.420±3.680     34.980±7.100     6.330±2.880    
高血压 94(74.016) 4.400±2.050 0.782 0.438 7.650±3.780 0.753 0.455 34.560±7.210 0.348 0.726 6.150±2.910 0.652 0.517
  33(25.984) 4.240±1.920     7.330±3.590     34.880±7.250     6.380±2.850    
表2 患者焦虑、睡眠质量、希望和家庭功能评分(127例,±s)
表3 焦虑、睡眠质量、希望与家庭功能之间的相关性
图1 希望和家庭功能作为中介作用的拟合模型注:矩形为观测变量,椭圆为潜变量;直线箭头表示因果路径,路径旁数字为标准化路径系数β;e1~e11为各观测变量的测量误差
表4 希望和家庭功能与焦虑和睡眠质量的中介效应
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