Progress of research on the clearance of indoxyl sulfate

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2017.06.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin that is a small molecule solute, as many as 90% of which bind to the plasma proteins. IS derives from the breakdown of tryptophan by gut microbes. Normal renal function can lead to IS excretion through the tubular secretion, while impaired renal function can result in accumulation of IS in the body. So plasma IS levels are elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). IS has nephrotoxicity, and can cause renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, accelerating the progression of CKD. IS also has cardiovascular toxicity, leading to myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, etc. Cardiovascular disease has been widely recognized as the leading cause of death in CKD patients. Studies have found that IS can increase the risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, it is very important to reduce plasma IS level by means of dialysis or non-dialysis method. This article summarized the research results on IS clearance by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years.

Key words: Indoxyl sulfate, Chronic kidney disease, Cardiovascular disease, Dialysis, Clearance

Shuxin Liu, Fangfang Mei. Progress of research on the clearance of indoxyl sulfate[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2017, 06(06): 284-288.

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