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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (04) : 191 -196. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2022.04.002

论著

血清铁调素-25与维持性血液透析患者生存预后的关系研究
孙玲1, 邹陆曦2,(), 滑瑞雪1, 吴雨1   
  1. 1. 221000 徐州市中心医院(徐州医科大学徐州临床学院)肾内科
    2. 221000 徐州医科大学管理学院
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-26 出版日期:2022-08-28
  • 通信作者: 邹陆曦
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81600540); 徐州市科技局重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(KC20182); 徐州市卫生健康委科技面上项目(XWKYHT20200020)

Relationship between serum hepcidin-25 and survival prognosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

Ling Sun1, Luxi Zou2,(), Ruixue Hua1, Yu Wu1   

  1. 1. Department of Nephrology, Xuzhou Central Hospital (Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University)
    2. School of Management of Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-08-26 Published:2022-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Luxi Zou
引用本文:

孙玲, 邹陆曦, 滑瑞雪, 吴雨. 血清铁调素-25与维持性血液透析患者生存预后的关系研究[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2022, 11(04): 191-196.

Ling Sun, Luxi Zou, Ruixue Hua, Yu Wu. Relationship between serum hepcidin-25 and survival prognosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2022, 11(04): 191-196.

目的

铁调素在铁代谢中起重要调节作用,抑制肠道铁吸收、肝细胞和巨噬细胞铁释放,但其临床应用价值尚不清楚。本研究旨在研究铁调素-25与维持性血液透析(MHD)患者生存预后的关系。

方法

本研究为前瞻性观察性队列研究,选取2016年1月至2020年12月在徐州市中心医院血液净化中心的160例MHD患者,根据患者基线血清铁调素-25水平分为低水平组(<30.9 ng/ml)和高水平组(≥30.9 ng/ml),随访5年。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线、多因素Cox比例风险模型及基于限制性立方样条的Cox比例风险回归模型分析铁调素-25与死亡风险的关系。

结果

与低水平组相比,高水平组患者的基线血清铁、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平较高,透析前的血肌酐、白蛋白和前白蛋白水平较低。高水平组患者生存预后较差,透析龄较短(P=0.0011),随访期死亡率较高(P=0.0023)。血清铁调素-25增加10 ng/mL时,MHD患者全因死亡风险比为1.206(95%CI: 1.100~1.323, P<0.001)。MHD患者的全因死亡风险比在血清铁调素-25<30.9 ng/mL时相对稳定,在血清铁调素-25水平超过30.9 ng/mL之后,随着铁调素水平增加而显著升高。

结论

血清铁调素-25水平可作为MHD患者全因死亡事件的独立预测因子,监测血清铁调素-25水平有助于预测MHD患者的生存预后。

Objective

Hepcidin plays an important regulatory role in iron metabolism, which can inhibit intestinal iron absorption and iron release from hepatocytes and macrophages, while its clinical application value is unclear yet. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum hepcidin-25 and survival prognosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

Methods

This study was a prospective observational cohort study. A total of 160 MHD patients, who were admitted to the Blood Purification Center of Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020, were selected and divided into two groups, low-level group (hepcidin-25 < 30.9 ng/ml) and high-level group (hepcidin-25≥30.9 ng/ml) according to their baseline level of serum hepcidin-25, with a follow-up period of 5 years. Kaplan-Meier survival curve, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, and Cox proportional hazards regression model based on restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the relationship between hepcidin-25 and mortality risk.

Results

Compared with the low-level group, the high-level group had higher baseline levels of serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), while the pre-dialysis levels of serum creatinine, albumin, and prealbumin were lower. Patients in the high-level group showed poorer survival prognosis, shorter dialysis age (P=0.0011), and higher mortality during follow-up (P=0.0023). When serum hepcidin-25 increased by 10 ng/mL, the hazard ratio of all-cause mortality in the MHD patients was 1.206 (95%CI: 1.100-1.323, P<0.001). The hazard ratio of all-cause mortality in the MHD patients was relatively stable when the serum hepcidin-25 level was less than 30.9 ng/mL, but increased apparently as the serum hepcidin-25 level was over 30.9 ng/ml.

Conclusion

Serum hepcidin-25 could be an independent predictor for all-cause mortality of the MHD patients. Monitoring the serum level of hepcidin-25 could help to predict the survival prognosis of the MHD patients.

图1 研究对象筛选及分组流程注:MHD:维持性血液透析
表1 按照基线血清铁调素-25水平分组基线资料和临床特征比较
项目 合计(n=160) 铁调素-25 (ng/mL) P
<30.9(低水平组,n=80) ≥30.9(低水平组,n=80)
临床特征        
  女性[例(%)] 67 (41.88) 30.00±37.50 37.00±46.25 0.2648
  年龄(岁) 52.27±14.92 48.65±14.44 55.89±14.60 0.0019
  深静脉置管[例(%)] 17 (10.63) 6 (7.50) 11 (13.75) 0.2040
  透析龄(月) 49.66±32.29 51.92±32.16 47.40±32.45 0.3781
  透析频率(/周) 2.50 (2.00,3.00) 2.50 (2.00,3.00) 2.50 (2.00,3.00) 0.4949
  HDF频率(/周) 1.00 (0.50,1.00) 0.75 (0.50,1.00) 1.00 (0.50,1.00) 0.3851
  spKt/V 1.23 (1.13,1.34) 1.23 (1.14,1.35) 1.22 (1.13,1.32) 0.1117
  BMI(kg/m2) 21.64(20.05,24.08) 21.81 (20.11,25.3) 21.58 (19.76,23.72) 0.2622
合并症        
  高血压病史[例(%)] 142 (88.75) 73 (91.25) 69 (86.25) 0.3215
  糖尿病[例(%)] 34 (21.25) 13 (16.25) 21 (26.25) 0.1258
  内脏出血[例(%)] 18 (11.25) 7 (8.75) 11 (13.75) 0.3215
实验室检查        
  血红蛋白(g/dl) 99.13±20.48 100.55±19.37 97.71±21.57 0.3827
  铁蛋白(ng/ml) 152.30 (58.94,933.10) 103.87 (55.21,180.77) 569.87 (152.30,3609.49) <0.001
  TSAT(%) 30.64 (20.27,46.19) 28.10 (17.29,39.73) 42.46 (24.01,59.36) <0.001
  血清铁离子(μmol/L) 12.40 (9.10,17.50) 11.65 (8.3,16.95) 14.90 (9.75,20.85) 0.0018
  ERI [U/(kg·week) ] 13.03 (8.48,16.97) 11.99 (7.8,16.44) 13.19 (9.59,17.06) 0.1649
  血清维生素B12 (ng/L) 586 (353,2000) 548 (351,2000) 592 (353,2000) 0.1606
  血清叶酸(μg/L) 4.66 (2.79,6.48) 4.76 (2.79,6.45) 4.53 (2.76,6.48) 0.4973
  hs-CRP(mg/dl) 1.55 (0.68,4.21) 1.09 (0.47,2.18) 2.71 (1.50,6.30) <0.001
  透前血肌酐(mmol/L) 976.19±348.65 1079.48±363.45 872.90±301.59 <0.001
  血清白蛋白(g/L) 38.32±3.68 39.02±3.81 37.61±3.43 0.0147
  前白蛋白(mg/L) 239.14±69.75 251.65±72.91 226.63±64.49 0.0228
  血钙(mmol/L) 2.33 (2.20,2.44) 2.35 (2.22,2.45) 2.32 (2.19,2.44) 0.1430
  全段PTH (pg/ml) 346.95 (154.60,482.70) 346.95 (197.60,510.30) 345.20 (105.85,461.50) 0.1022
  空腹血糖(mmol/L) 5.29 (4.43,5.29) 5.29 (4.46,5.29) 5.29 (4.39,5.29) 0.3416
  LDL-C (mg/dl) 2.26 (2.12,2.38) 2.26 (2.26,2.38) 2.26 (1.74,2.39) 0.0818
  血钾(mmol/L) 5.12±0.79 5.24±0.75 5.00±0.80 0.0582
  血镁(mmol/L) 1.17±0.19 1.19±0.18 1.15±0.21 0.2137
  心胸比 0.50 (0.45,0.60) 0.50 (0.45,0.60) 0.52 (0.49,0.63) 0.3254
  左室射血分数 0.52 (0.45,0.56) 0.55 (0.5,0.56) 0.50 (0.45,0.55) 0.2680
NYHA分级        
  Ⅰ级[例(%)] 89 (55.63) 42 (52.50) 47 (58.75) 0.6718
  Ⅱ级[例(%)] 27 (16.88) 11 (13.75) 16 (20.00) 0.4421
图2 不同基线铁调素-25水平患者生存率比较(Kaplan-Meier生存曲线)注:MHD患者按血清铁调素-25水平分成两组:低水平组(铁调素-25<30.9 ng/ml)和高水平组(铁调素-25≥30.9 ng/ml);A:透析龄Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,低水平组与高水平组相比MHD患者透析龄较长(P=0.0011);B:随访时间Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,低水平组与高水平组比较随访期死亡率较低(P=0.0023)
图3 限制性立方样条(RCS)显示MHD患者全因死亡风险比(HR)曲线注:Hepcidin-25:铁调素-25;以血清铁调素-25为30.9 ng/mL作为参考值(HR=1.0),在血清铁调素-25<30.9 ng/ml时在HR相对稳定,然后随着铁调素水平增加而显著升高,校正情况如下:A:未校正;年龄联合;B:血红蛋白;C:铁蛋白;D:TSAT;E:红细胞生成刺激剂抵抗指数;F:hs-CRP;G:透前血肌酐;H:白蛋白;I:前白蛋白;J:全段PTH
表2 多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果
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