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中华肾病研究电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (05) : 249 -255. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3216.2024.05.002

论著

血透患者小直径动脉经皮腔内血管成形术后行动静脉内瘘术的疗效
苏朝江1, 刘佳丽2, 姜燕1, 许厅3, 刘俪婷1, 陈彦1, 刘宗旸1,()   
  1. 1.550001 贵阳,贵州医科大学附属肿瘤医院肾内科
    2.637000 南充,川北医学院临床医学系
    3.550001 贵阳,贵州医科大学临床医学系
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-16 出版日期:2024-10-28
  • 通信作者: 刘宗旸
  • 基金资助:
    中国血液透析血管通路青年医师研究项目(MSXM001,MSXM002)贵州省科技厅基金项目(黔科合成果-LC[2023]021)

Effect of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty prior to arteriovenous fistula creation for small-diameter artery in hemodialysis patients

Chaojiang Su1, Jiali Liu2, Yan Jiang1, Ting Xu3, Liting Liu1, Yan Chen1, Zongyang Liu1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Nephrology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province
    2.Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province
    3.Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province; China
  • Received:2023-11-16 Published:2024-10-28
  • Corresponding author: Zongyang Liu
引用本文:

苏朝江, 刘佳丽, 姜燕, 许厅, 刘俪婷, 陈彦, 刘宗旸. 血透患者小直径动脉经皮腔内血管成形术后行动静脉内瘘术的疗效[J]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2024, 13(05): 249-255.

Chaojiang Su, Jiali Liu, Yan Jiang, Ting Xu, Liting Liu, Yan Chen, Zongyang Liu. Effect of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty prior to arteriovenous fistula creation for small-diameter artery in hemodialysis patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(05): 249-255.

目的

探讨血液透析患者小直径动脉经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)后行动静脉内瘘(AVF)术的疗效。

方法

本研究为单中心前瞻性队列研究。 纳入2021 年6 月1 日至2023 年6 月1 日在贵州医科大学附属肿瘤医院肾脏内科建立长期血液透析通路、并且前臂小动脉(桡动脉或尺动脉)直径<1.5 mm 的108 例终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者。 其中,76 例患者在PTA 后行AVF 成形术(PTA+AVF 组),32 例患者作为对照行AVF 成形术(AVF 组)。 收集患者的一般信息,PTA 术中和术后的相关资料,AVF 成形术后的肱动脉、桡动脉、尺动脉、头静脉、贵要静脉的直径和血流指标,以及内瘘成熟情况的指标,并进行统计分析。

结果

PTA+AVF 组患者PTA 术后的即刻桡/尺动脉直径及收缩期峰值流速(PSV)均高于PTA 术前(t= -10.644,P <0.01;t = -6.386,P <0.001);PTA 术后1 d的桡/尺动脉直径及PSV 亦高于PTA 术前(t= -10.645,P <0.01;t= -6.388,P <0.001);而PTA 术后即刻与术后1 d 的桡/尺动脉直径及PSV 之间无明显差异(t = -0.129,P =0.897;t =0.571,P =0.569)。 AVF 成形术后4 周、8 周、12 周,PTA +AVF 组患者的肱动脉血流量、头/贵要静脉直径、桡/尺动脉直径均大于AVF 组(P <0.05)。 AVF 成形术后4 周、8 周、12 周,PTA +AVF 组患者的内瘘成熟率分别为22.97%(17/74 例)、81.08%(60/74 例)、93.24%(69/74 例),而AVF 组患者的内瘘成熟率则分别为6.25%(2/32 例),33.33%(9/27 例),42.31%(11/26 例),PTA+AVF 组的内瘘成熟率均高于AVF 组(χ2 =4.247,P <0.05;χ2 =20.836,P <0.001;χ2 =31.198,P <0.001)。

结论

血液透析患者小直径动脉PTA 术后行AVF 成形术,可以获得良好的AVF 成熟率,该方式可以成为有效利用患者前臂小直径动脉资源的策略之一。

Objective

The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) prior to arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation for small-diameter artery in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

This study was a single-center prospective cohort study. A total of 108 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to establish long-term hemodialysis access,whose forearm small artery(radius or ulnar artery) was <1. 5 mm in diameter,were enrolled from the Department of Nephrology,Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University from June 1,2021 to June 1,2023. Among them,76 patients underwent AVF creation after PTA (PTA+AVF group),while 32 patients underwent only AVF creation as control (AVF group). All the patients' general information,relevant data during and after PTA,and diameters and blood flow indicators of brachial artery,ulnar artery,radial artery,cephalic vein,and basilic vein,as well fistula maturation indicators after AVF creation. The differences between the two groups were then statistically analyzed.

Results

The radial/ulnar artery diameter and the peak systolic velocity(PSV) immediately after PTA in the PTA+AVF group were higher than those before PTA (t= -10.644,P <0.01; t= -6.386,P <0.001). The radial/ulnar artery diameter and PSV at 1 day after PTA were also higher than those before PTA (t= -10.645,P <0.01; t= -6.388,P <0.00). However,there were no significant differences between the radial/ulnar artery diameter and PSV immediately after PTA and those at 1 day after PTA (t= -0.129,P =0.897; t =0.571,P =0.569). At 4,8,and 12 weeks after AVF creation,the blood flow volume of brachial artery and diameters of cephalic/basilic vein and radial/ulnar artery of the PTA+AVF group were all higher than those of the AVF group (P <0.05). And at 4,8,and 12 weeks after AVF,the fistula maturation rates of the PTA +AVF group were 22.97% (17/74 cases),81.08% (60/74 cases),and 93.24% (69/74 cases),respectively,while those in the AVF group were 6.25% (2/32 cases),33.33% (9/27 cases),and 42.31% (11/26 cases),respectively. In the PTA+AVF group,the fistula maturation rates at 4,8,and 12 weeks after AVF were higher than those in the AVF group (χ2 =4.247,P <0.05; χ2 =20.836,P <0.001; χ2 =31.198,P <0.001).

Conclusion

A good AVF maturation rate could be obtained by AVF creation after PTA for the small-diameter arteries of the hemodialysis patients,which may be one of the strategies to effectively utilize the resources of small-diameter arteries of the patients' forearms.

图1 经皮腔内血管成形术过程的超声影像图 注:A:PTA 术前桡动脉直径(1.2 mm); B:3 mm×40 mm 球囊扩张桡动脉过程;C:PTA 术后桡动脉直径(2.4 mm)
表1 两组长期血液透析终末期肾病患者的一般资料
表2 经皮腔内血管成形术术前术后动脉直径和收缩期峰值血流速度分析(±s
表3 两组终末期肾病患者动静脉内瘘成形术术后肱动脉血流量(ml/min,±s
表4 两组终末期肾病患者动静脉内瘘成形术术后头/贵要静脉直径(mm,±s
表5 两组终末期肾病患者动静脉内瘘成形术后桡/尺动脉直径(mm,±s
表6 两组长期血液透析终末期肾病患者动静脉内瘘成形术术后不同时间的动静脉内瘘成熟率(%)
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